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| === Talud-tablero === | | === Talud-tablero === |
| {{AP|Talud-tablero}} | | <div style="float:right;"><hovergallery widths=175px heights=320px mode=nolines perrow=1>Taludtablero.png|{{AltC|El estilo talud-tablero teotihuacano básico, presente también en tras pirámides mesoamericanas.}}</hovergallery></div> |
| <!-- | | '''Talud-tablero''' es el nombre de un estilo arquitectura Mesoamericano, empleado a menudo en la construcción de pirámides. Se encuentra en muchas ciudades y culturas, pero sobre todo asociado con la cultura [[teotihuacan]]a, en México central, donde apareció primero y donde era con mucho el estilo dominante. Este consiste en la colocación sucesiva de una plataforma, o tablero, sobre la cima de una pared con forma de talud inclinado. |
| Pyramids in Mesoamerican were platformed pyramids and many used a style called ''talud-tablero'', which first became common in Teotihuacan. This style consists of a platform structure, or the "tablero," on top of a sloped "talud". Many different variants on the talud-tablero style arose throughout Mesoamerica, developing and manifesting itself differently among the various cultures.
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| ===Classic Period Maya styles===
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| {{AP|arquitectura maya}}
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| Palenque, Tikal, Copan, Tonina, the corbeled arch
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| ==="Toltec" Style===
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| Chichén Itzá, Tula Hidalgo, [[chacmool|chacmools]], atlantean columns, Quetzalcoatl designs
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| ===Puuc===
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| {{AP|Puuc}}
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| So named after the Puuc hills in which this style developed and flourished during the latter portion of the [[Mesoamerican chronology|Late Classic]] and throughout the [[Mesoamerican chronology|Terminal Classic]] in the northern Maya lowlands, [[Puuc|Puuc architecture]] consists of veneer facing stones applied to a concrete core. Two [[façade|façades]] were typically built, partitioned by a ridge of stone. The blank lower façade is formed by flat cut stones and punctuated by doorways. The upper partition is richly decorated with repeating geometric patterns and iconographic elements, especially the distinctive curved-nosed [[Chaac]] masks. Carved columnettes are also common. <div style="float:right;"><hovergallery widths= 320px heights= 320px mode=nolines perrow=1> Uxmal-Great-Pyramid-Sculptured-Temple. jpg|{{AltC| Puuc- style Geometric design on a wall of the ´great temple of Uxmal}}</hovergallery>< /div> | | <div style="float:right;"><hovergallery widths=200px heights=420px mode=nolines perrow=1>Taludtablerostyles.png|{{AltC|Diferentes variedades del estilo talud-tablero usado en algunas culturas mesoamericanas.<ref>Adapted from {{Cite book|last=Weaver|first= Muriel Porter|year=1993|title=The Aztecs, Maya, and Their Predecessors: Archaeology of Mesoamerica|edition=3rd|location=San Diego|publisher=Academic Press|ISBN=0-01-263999-0}}p. 251.</ref>}}</hovergallery></div> |
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| ===Rio Bec=== | |
| roof combs,
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| ==Technology==
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| aqueducts, causeways, plumbing and sewage{{clear}}
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| ===Stone Masonry==={{clear}} | |
| ===Corbelled Arch===
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| <div style="float:right;"><hovergallery widths=320px heights=320px mode=nolines perrow=1>Arco maya.jpg|{{AltC|100px|A fine example of a corbelled arch from the mayan site of Uxmal, Yucatán}}</hovergallery></div> | |
| Mesoamerican cultures never invented the [[keystone (architecture)|keystone]], and so were unable to build true [[arch]]es, but instead all of their architecture made use of the "false" or [[Corbel arch|Corbelled arch]]. These arches are built without centering and can be built without support, by corbelling regularly the horizontal courses of the wall masonry. This type of arch supports much less weight than a a true arch.
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| == Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la UNESCO ==
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| A number of important archeological sites representing Mesoamerican Architecture have been categorized as "world heritage sites" by the UNESCO<ref> The entire list of UNESCO world Heritage Sites can be found at [http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31 their website]</ref>.
| | En todas partes de Mesoamérica surgieron muchas variantes diferentes del estilo talud-tablero, desarrolladas y manifestadas de manera diferente en estas culturas. En algunos casos, como la ciudad Maya de [[Tikal]], la introducción de la arquitectura de talud-tablero durante el período pre-Clásico se corresponde con el contacto directo con Teotihuacán y la dominación o incluso la posible conquista.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Martin|first=Simon|coauthors= and Nikolai Grube|year=2000|title=Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya|publisher=Thames and Hudson|location=New York}}pp. 29-31.</ref> Sin embargo, la forma de contacto por la que se difundió este estilo a otras ciudades apenas está documentada. |
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| *'''Honduras'''
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| * Maya Site of [[Copan]]
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| * '''Guatemala'''
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| * [[Tikal]] National Park
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| * Archaeological Park and Ruins of [[Quirigua]]
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| *'''Mexico'''
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| * Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of [[Palenque]]
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| * Prehispanic Town of [[Uxmal]]
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| * Pre-Hispanic City of [[Teotihuacan]]
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| * Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of [[Monte Alban]]
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| * Pre-Hispanic City of [[Chichen Itza]] Named as one of the New Seven Wonders on July 7th, 2007
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| * Archaeological Monuments Zone of [[Xochicalco]], Morelos
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| * [[El Tajin]], Pre-Hispanic City of Vera Cruz
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| * Ancient Maya City of [[Calakmul]], Campeche
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| == Notas == | | == Notas == |
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