Burócratas, Doctos, Administradores de interfaz, Administradores (Semantic MediaWiki), Curadores (Semantic MediaWiki), Editores (Semantic MediaWiki), staff, Supresores, Administradores, Editores de widget
249 475
ediciones
m (Texto reemplazado: « » por « ») |
|||
Línea 10: | Línea 10: | ||
*Sábado | *Sábado | ||
El origen de estos nombres está en la observación del cielo por los antiguos astrónomos. Durante el año la inmensa mayoría de los Astros visibles no cambiaban de posición unos con respecto a otros. Sin embargo, los astrónomos observaron a simple vista siete cuerpos celestes que sí variaban de posición. El Sol y la Luna, los dos primeros, evidentemente formaban parte de ellos. Los otros cinco eran los | El origen de estos nombres está en la observación del cielo por los antiguos astrónomos. Durante el año la inmensa mayoría de los Astros visibles no cambiaban de posición unos con respecto a otros. Sin embargo, los astrónomos observaron a simple vista siete cuerpos celestes que sí variaban de posición. El Sol y la Luna, los dos primeros, evidentemente formaban parte de ellos. Los otros cinco eran los planetas que pueden verse a simple vista: [[Mercurio (planeta)|Mercurio]], [[Venus (planeta)|Venus]], Marte, [[Júpiter (planeta)|Júpiter]] y [[Saturno (planeta)|Saturno]]. Los pueblos antiguos los consideraban estrellas móviles. | ||
Esta división de tiempo es de las pocas que no tiene un reflejo en eventos ocurridos en el cielo. Otros eventos, como el día (giro de la Tierra sobre su eje) o el año (giro sobre el sol), sí la tienen. | Esta división de tiempo es de las pocas que no tiene un reflejo en eventos ocurridos en el cielo. Otros eventos, como el día (giro de la Tierra sobre su eje) o el año (giro sobre el sol), sí la tienen. | ||
==Historia de la semana== | ==Historia de la semana== | ||
Línea 35: | Línea 35: | ||
--> | --> | ||
Estos siete cuerpos celestes dieron sus nombres a los días de la semana: Lunes (Luna), Martes (Marte), Miércoles (Mercurio), Jueves (Júpiter) y Viernes (Venus). En español, sábado procede de la fiesta Hebrea ''Shábbath'' y domingo de la palabra Latina | Estos siete cuerpos celestes dieron sus nombres a los días de la semana: Lunes (Luna), Martes (Marte), Miércoles (Mercurio), Jueves (Júpiter) y Viernes (Venus). En español, sábado procede de la fiesta Hebrea ''Shábbath'' y domingo de la palabra Latina ''domínicus'' o sea ‘del ''dóminus''’, ‘del señor’, derivado a su vez de ''dominator'' ‘ el dominador’ (el dios Yahvéh). No obstante, en algunos idiomas (como el inglés, por ejemplo) se mantienen los nombres originales de estos dos días: ''Saturday'' (‘día de Saturno’) y ''[[Sunday]]'' (‘día del Sol’), o han renominado al dios grecoromano con el nombre de su más o menos correspondiente dios germánico, así el dios germánico de la guerra Tiu (Tuesday) substituye al marcial grecoromano Marte; Odín, el principal dios germánico (Woden > Wednesday) al secundario dios Mercurio; Thor, importante dios guerrero ([[Thursday (día)|Thursday]]) al importantísimo Júpiter; la diosa del amor Freyja o Frigga (Friday) a Venus. | ||
<!-- | <!-- | ||
The Planets | The Planets | ||
Línea 55: | Línea 55: | ||
The Germanic version of the Latín day names has some correspondences and some differences. In English, the 1st, 2nd, and 7th days are still named after the Sun, Moon, and Saturn, respectively. The 6th day, Friday, looks like the name (Fría or Freya) of a Germanic love goddess, which would correspond to Venus (fri-, as in "friend," is a cognate of philein, "to love," in Greek), though the day is also said to be named after the goddess Frigg, who is also a goddess of love, and of the hearth (which would be Vesta rather than Venus in Rome). The 5th day, Thursday, named after Jupiter, who is a thunder god, in Latín, is named after a Germanic thunder god, well known as "Thor" in Norse mythology. Tuesday is named after Tiw, a god of law, but also said to be a god of war, which would match up to Mars. Wednesday is named after the king of the gods, who was Wotan in ancient German and Odin in Norse mythology. This has no obvious correspondence to Mercury, though Odin as a god of wisdom might suggest the role of Mercury in association with learning, and in Late Antiquity with esoteric knowledge. | The Germanic version of the Latín day names has some correspondences and some differences. In English, the 1st, 2nd, and 7th days are still named after the Sun, Moon, and Saturn, respectively. The 6th day, Friday, looks like the name (Fría or Freya) of a Germanic love goddess, which would correspond to Venus (fri-, as in "friend," is a cognate of philein, "to love," in Greek), though the day is also said to be named after the goddess Frigg, who is also a goddess of love, and of the hearth (which would be Vesta rather than Venus in Rome). The 5th day, Thursday, named after Jupiter, who is a thunder god, in Latín, is named after a Germanic thunder god, well known as "Thor" in Norse mythology. Tuesday is named after Tiw, a god of law, but also said to be a god of war, which would match up to Mars. Wednesday is named after the king of the gods, who was Wotan in ancient German and Odin in Norse mythology. This has no obvious correspondence to Mercury, though Odin as a god of wisdom might suggest the role of Mercury in association with learning, and in Late Antiquity with esoteric knowledge. | ||
The curious thing about the Latín names, clearly using the planets, is that the ancient order of the planets, rising from the Earth to the Fixed Stars, can be read off by starting with Monday and jumping every other day for two weeks: | The curious thing about the Latín names, clearly using the planets, is that the ancient order of the planets, rising from the Earth to the Fixed Stars, can be read off by starting with Monday and jumping every other day for two weeks: Monday (Moon), Wednesday (Mercury), Friday (Venus), Sunday (Sun), Tuesday (Mars), Thursday (Jupiter), and Saturday (Saturn). One is left with the impression that the names were assigned in a kind of code, so that the Sun would come first in the week, but then the true order of the planets could be read off nevertheless. Saturn comes both at the end of the week and at the end of planets. The day that many people consider to the the 1st day of the week, Monday, is the first planet and does begin the sequence of planets. | ||
--> | --> | ||